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00:00
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\n\u5f15\u636e\u300a\u4fee\u4fe1\u5927\u4e58\u7ecf\u300b
\n\u201c\u53c8\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e49\u201d\uff0c\u8ddf\u6211\u4e00\u8d77\u770b\u5594\uff0100:35
\n\u53c8\u4e8e\u6b64\u4e49\uff0c\u300a\u4fee\u4fe1\u5927\u4e58\u7ecf\u300b\u4ea6\u5bc6\u610f\u8bf4\u4e91\uff1a\u201c\u5584\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u5f02\u95e8\uff0c\u8bf4\u8bf8\u83e9\u8428\u5c3d\u5176\u6240\u6709\u5927\u4e58\u4fe1\u89e3\uff0c\u5927\u4e58\u51fa\u751f\uff0c\u5e94\u77e5\u7686\u662f\u65e0\u6563\u4e71\u5fc3\u6b63\u601d\u6cd5\u3001\u4e49\u4e4b\u6240\u51fa\u751f\u3002\u201d00:56
\n\u8fd9\u4e00\u6bb5\u5728\u8bb2\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u57fa\u4e8e\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5185\u6db5\uff0c\u5728\u300a\u4fee\u4fe1\u5927\u4e58\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u8bf4\uff1a\u5584\u7537\u5b50\uff0c\u900f\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5f02\u95e8\u2500\u2500\u201c\u5f02\u95e8\u201d\u5c31\u662f\u89d2\u5ea6\u6216\u8005\u8bf4\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u900f\u8fc7\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5e94\u5f53\u4e86\u77e5\uff0c\u4e86\u77e5\u4ec0\u4e48\u5462\uff1f\u5c31\u662f\u83e9\u8428\u5c3d\u5176\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u89e3\u5927\u4e58\u3001\u5927\u4e58\u6240\u751f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u5207\u90fd\u662f\u4ee5\u65e0\u6563\u4e71\u5fc3\u6b63\u601d\u60df\u6b63\u6cd5\u4e0e\u5b83\u7684\u610f\u6db5\u4e4b\u6240\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u300201:33
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\n\u5927\u4e58\u4fe1\u89e3\u4e0e\u5927\u4e58\u51fa\u751f\u7684\u610f\u6db5
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\n\u56e0\u6b64\u5927\u4e58\u3001\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u89c2\u5bdf\u601d\u62e9\u800c\u4fee\u4e60\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5185\u5fc3\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u6240\u7f18\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\uff0c\u6ce8\u610f\uff01\u8fd9\u4e8c\u8005\u624d\u80fd\u591f\u6210\u529e\u3002\u5e76\u975e\u53ea\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u6b62\u4f4f\u4fee\u6216\u8005\u89c2\u5bdf\u4fee\u80fd\u6210\u529e\u7684\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff01\u6ce8\u610f\uff01\u8bf4\u5982\u679c\u53ea\u6709\u6b62\u4f4f\u4fee\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u4fee\uff0c\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u529e\u5927\u3001\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u5462\uff1f\u80fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u6210\u529e\u5462\uff1f\u5b97\u5927\u5e08\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u975e\u552f\u6b62\u4fee\u6216\u552f\u89c2\u4fee\u4e00\u5206\u800c\u6210\u3002\u201d\u8bf4\u53ea\u6709\u6b62\u4f4f\u4fee\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u4fee\uff0c\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u6210\u529e\u5927\u4e58\u53ca\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\u7684\u3002\u5148\u4e0d\u8981\u8bf4\u5927\u4e58\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u7684\u529f\u5fb7\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5c0f\u4e58\u7684\u884c\u8005\u60f3\u8981\u81ea\u5df1\u4e86\u8131\u751f\u6b7b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u6ca1\u6709\u5185\u5fc3\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u5584\u6240\u7f18\u53ca\u89c2\u5bdf\u6167\u601d\u62e9\u800c\u4fee\u7684\u8bdd\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u8131\u79bb\u751f\u6b7b\u7684\u5440\uff0109:15 00:00Hello everyone! It\u2019s time to study the Great Treatise together again! I\u2019m very happy to study serenity and insight with all of you. Today we will continue from where we left off. Please open the Great Treatise, to volume 3, page 14, paragraph 3, and let\u2019s look at the text. 00:29 Words from Scripture With that same purport, […] Let\u2019s look at this together:With that same purport, the Sutra of Cultivating Faith in the Mahayana states:Child of good lineage, this particular aspect[1] should inform you that faith in the Mahayana of the bodhisattvas\u2014and indeed, everything resulting from the Mahayana\u2014all comes from accurately reflecting on the teachings[2] and their meanings with an undistracted mind.What this paragraph says is that regarding this point,[3] the Sutra of Cultivating Faith in the Mahayana says, “Child of good lineage, this particular aspect should tell us\u2026” A “particular aspect” here means an angle or a manner of discussion. This means we should understand something through this given perspective. What should we understand? It is that a bodhisattva\u2019s faith in the Mahayana, and all things achieved through the Mahayana, all come from using an undistracted mind to accurately reflect on the teachings and their meanings. 01:33 So, what do “the teaching” and “meanings” mean here? Master Tsong-kha-pa has explained them in the section on persons of medium capacity.[4] Here, “teachings” refers to the teachings\u2019 words, and “meaning” refers to their meanings. For example, we may ask: What is the definition, or meaning, of “impermanent”? It is “that which is momentary.” So, in this case, “that which is momentary” is the meaning, and “impermanent” is the term. 02:07 The Meanings of Faith in the Mahayana and What Results from the Mahayana In the Four Interwoven Annotations, “faith in the Mahayana” is said to mean the “perfect attitude.”[5] Why does faith in Mahayana mean “perfect attitude”? Faith in the Mahayana means truly believing in the Mahayana. The practice of going for refuge can be divided into the general practice, and the special practice unique to the Mahayana. The general practice is motivated by a fear of the suffering in the miserable realms and a deep conviction that the Three Jewels can protect us,[6] whereas the practice which is unique to the Mahayana is motivated by a fear of cognitive obscurations.[7] And so, a deep conviction that the Three Jewels can protect us from all fears, this earnest faith that holds the Three Jewels in deep yearning and veneration, is precisely the “perfect attitude” here. Since the general practice of going for refuge is only motivated by the fear of suffering in the miserable realms, it is not completely perfect. Only the Mahayana refuge is considered complete and perfect. In taking refuge, the most important factor is faith, so “faith in the Mahayana” is explained here as the perfect attitude. 03:14 Then, that which “[results] from the Mahayana” is explained as “perfect application.”[8] Driven by great compassion in the spirit of enlightenment, bodhisattvas embark on the six perfections, and countless deeds to help all living beings, who are like our mothers, to attain liberation and even buddhahood. So, that which “[results] from the Mahayana” is said to mean “perfect application.” 03:33 All Arises from Reflection with an Undistracted Mind Regarding a bodhisattva\u2019s perfect attitude and application, at the start of the path one generates the spirit of enlightenment\u2014This constitutes “perfect attitude.”\u2014and then, the perfections, ways to gather disciples, bodhisattva vows, and completion of all the bodhisattva\u2019s deeds\u2014”everything,” which means all of these things\u2026 Where do they all come from? They all come from accurately reflecting on the teachings and their\u00a0 meanings with an undistracted mind. 04:04 So let me ask again: Faith in the Mahayana and what [results] from the Mahayana\u2014perfect attitude and application\u2014How do they come about? It is through reflection\u2014repeated introspection, observing, analyzing, and reflecting\u2014using the teachings and their meanings to gradually transform our inner minds. For example, when we first hear the Mahayana teachings, some of us would feel scared of all the tough austerities and fearless undertakings of the bodhisattva\u2019s path, but there are also some who feel very happy and inspired, eager to take on the path themselves. In any case, we must all step forward starting from where we are. This might mean thinking about the benefits of the spirit of enlightenment, or learning about the bodhisattva\u2019s selfless acts to help or protect others and letting them touch our hearts. When we feel deeply touched, we will want to change ourselves. What would we want to change? It is that habitual self-centered attitude. 05:04 What is self-centeredness like? We can reflect and compare: For example, ever since we began learning the Great Treatise or volunteering with fellow practitioners\u2014through many things that happen in our lives\u2014we can notice how the scopes of our lives change. Our thoughts and activities no longer revolve around ourselves alone. We are no longer indifferent to the lives of others, or feel that other people\u2019s joys and pains have little to do with us. So, from our mind to our actions, a true feeling that wants to help others grows greater and greater. We also strive to set our mind steady on these thoughts and contemplations. Again and again,\u00a0 we reflect on them and apply them in our lives. 05:49 As we apply them to ourselves, we can come to develop a wish to help others, but when we meet with challenges and setbacks, we might coil up and not want to try anymore. But then we would think: “This is not right!” We ought to recover our courage to keep going. Yet with all the hurdles along the way, helping others is anything but easy, and so this goes on… But the more setbacks, the stronger we should become! Late Master said, “We must stand as generals despite many defeats!” So we must conquer the thoughts that tell us to run away or waver back and forth, and instead foster those tiny inklings of altruism within us, so that they can grow stronger and stronger, eventually firm and steady. For all of these things, it is only through practicing serenity and insight that they can be accomplished. 06:38 What it Means to Reflect with an Undistracted Mind Next, Master Tsong-kha-pa explains the sutra\u2019s words. We can keep reading to see. It says:An undistracted mind is mental one-pointedness, the serenity aspect, while accurate reflection on facts and meanings refers to discerning wisdom, the insight aspect.In the Sutra of Cultivating Faith in the Mahayana, “undistracted mind” means mental one-pointedness, which is the serenity aspect\u2014It falls within the general scopes of serenity. What does “one-pointedness” mean? It means steady mental focus on an object. In this case, what does it focus on? Reflecting on teachings and their meanings, which means accurately reflecting on the teachings and their meanings. This is the discerning wisdom, the insight aspect. Thus, for a bodhisattva, everything from perfect attitude to application all comes from undistracted mental focus as well as discerning wisdom. This means if the mind is not focused on an appropriate object, or lacks the wisdom to discern, one would have no way to achieve the good qualities of a bodhisattva\u2019s perfect attitude and application. 07:52 All Virtues Come through Stabilizing and Analytical Meditation After this part, the treatise says:Thus, you must achieve all good qualities of the two vehicles through both (1) sustained analysis with discerning wisdom and (2) one-pointed focus on the object of meditation. You do not achieve them through one-sided practice of either analytical meditation or stabilizing meditation.It says: therefore all good qualities of the Mahayana and Hinayana must come through both analytical meditation, which involves discerning wisdom, as well as stable mental focus\u00a0 on an object. Note here! Both of these are required. Just stabilizing meditation or analytical meditation alone cannot accomplish this. Note this well! With only stabilizing or analytical meditation alone, can we accomplish the virtuous qualities of the Mahayana or Hinayana? Can we? Master Tsong-kha-pa says, “You do not achieve them through one-sided practice of either analytical meditation or stabilizing meditation.” He says with analytical or stabilizing meditation alone, we cannot attain the virtuous qualities of these vehicles. Let alone the unfathomable virtues and qualities of the Mahayana, this is true even for someone striving for just one\u2019s own liberation from cyclic existence. Without cultivating both mental focus on a virtuous object as well as wisdom for analysis, one cannot find freedom from death and rebirth. 09:15 [1] Here, the original English translation says “this list.” The Tibetan word here is “\u0f62\u0fa3\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f42\u0fb2\u0f44\u0f66” (rnam grangs), whose meanings include “list” and “enumeration,” as well as “aspect,” “alternative,” “manner,” and so on. For this part, the Chinese version of the treatise says “through this particular door, you should know…”, which in context is usually understood as “in this particular way, you should know\u2026” or “from this particular angle, you should know\u2026.” In the Sutra of Cultivating Faith in the Mahayana, the Buddha teaches about multiple aspects of faith in the Mahayana, while providing a few relevant lists in the process. [2] The original word in the English version of the Great Treatise is “facts” instead of “the teachings”. The corresponding Tibetan word is “\u0f46\u0f7c\u0f66” (chos), whose meaning is equivalent to that of the familiar word “dharma” (Romanized from Sanskrit), including “phenomenon,” “teaching,” “doctrine,” “truth,” “law,” and so forth. The coexistence of these meanings in the word “dharma” in part reflects how the teachings are intended as truthful reflections of phenomena\u2014or in other words, facts. (Also refer to note #4 below for another appearance of the same scriptural quotation in an earlier part of the Great Treatise, with the words “the teachings.”) [3] The point that all virtuous qualities of the three vehicles are the result of practicing serenity and insight, mentioned in the previous teaching. [4] See the Great Treatise, Vol. I, p. 272. Starting on p. 271 (near the beginning of the section on persons of medium capacity), Master Tsong-kha-pa gives instructions on how to reflect and meditate on the teachings, and cites the same scriptural excerpt as discussed here. What appears as \u201cfact\u201d in the excerpt on p. 14 of Vol. 3 in the Great Treatise appears in the earlier section as “the teaching.” (Also see note #2 above regarding the multiple meanings of this Tibetan word). [5] The English term and definition come from\u00a0The Topography of the Tibetan Intellectual World and How to Debate It: Ngag-wang-tra-shi\u2019s The Collected Topics Of Epistemology: Volume 1: Chapters 1-12, a translation of chapters 1-12 of Se Ngag-wang-tra-shi\u2019s\u00a0Collected Topics\u00a0by Steven Weinberger in collaboration with Geshe Lo-sang-gyal-tshan, trans. 2017; P56. [6] These statements can be found in the Great Treatise, Vol. I, p. 179. [7] Cognitive obscurations are explained in the Great Treatise, Vol. III, p. 323, 2nd paragraph. Note #255 in the same volume (p. 404) also briefly mentions the nature of the two types of obscurations, afflictive and cognitive. [8] The Tibetan word which is translated here as \u201cperfect application\u201d (\u0f66\u0fa6\u0fb1\u0f7c\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f55\u0f74\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66; sbyor ba phun tshogs) is also the shorthand for a term (\u0f66\u0fa6\u0fb1\u0f7c\u0f62\u0f0b\u0f56\u0f0b\u0f55\u0f74\u0f53\u0f0b\u0f66\u0f74\u0f58\u0f0b\u0f5a\u0f7c\u0f42\u0f66\u0f0b\u0f54; sbyor ba phun sum tshogs pa) that appears in the Bodhisattva Levels. In the Four Interwoven Annotations, following \u201cresulting from the Mahayana,\u201d an annotation by Master Ba-so says: \u201cwhich is perfect application.\u201d 00:00\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \ub610 \ud568\uaed8 \u300e\ub78c\ub9bc\u300f\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4! \ud568\uaed8 \uc9c0\uad00\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc815\ub9d0 \uae30\uc069\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc \uc624\ub298 \uacc4\uc18d \ubc30\uc6b0\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u300e\ub78c\ub9bc\u300f\uc758 614\ud398\uc774\uc9c0 \ub4a4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5ec\ub35f \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6d0\ubb38\uc744 \ubcf4\uc138\uc694. 00:29 \u300e\uc218\uc2e0\ub300\uc2b9\uacbd\u300f\uc744 \uc778\uc6a9 “\uc774 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c” \ud568\uaed8 \ubcf4\uc138\uc694! “\uc774 \ub73b\uc73c\ub85c\u300e\uc218\uc2e0\ub300\uc2b9\uacbd(\u4fee\u4fe1\u5927\u4e58\u7d93)\u300f\uc5d0\uc11c’\uc120\ub0a8\uc790\uc5ec, \uc774 \ub2e4\ub978 \ubb38\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc \uc81c \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574(\u5927\u4e58\u4fe1\u89e3), \ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd\uff08\u5927\u4e58\u51fa\u751f\uff09 \uc5b4\ub290 \uac83\uc774\ub4e0 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub2e4 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ub73b\uacfc \ubc95\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc11c \uc0dd\uae34 \uac83\uc784\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4.’\ub77c\uace0 \ub9d0\ud558\uc600\ub2e4”\u00a0\uc774 \ub2e8\ub77d\uc740 \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub9d0\uc744 \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub0d0\uba74? \uc55e\uc11c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \u300e\uc218\uc2e0\ub300\uc2b9\uacbd(\u4fee\u4fe1\u5927\u4e58\u7d93)\u300f\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uc120\ub0a8\uc790\uc5ec \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubb38\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4—-“\ub2e4\ub978 \ubb38”\uc774\ub780 \uc77c\uc885\uc758 \uac01\ub3c4 \ud639\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac01\ub3c4\ub85c\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\uc57c \ud558\ub098? \uc989 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc2e0\ud574\ub300\uc2b9(\u4fe1\u89e3\u5927\u4e58), \ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd(\u5927\u4e58\u51fa\u751f). \uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc740 \ub2e4 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc815\ubc95\uacfc \uadf8\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0ac\uc720\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc628\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 01:33 \uadf8\ub7fc \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \uc815\ubc95\uacfc \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc774\ub780 \ubb34\uc2a8 \ub73b\uc778\uac00? \ucad1\uce74\ubc14\ub300\uc0ac\ub2d8\uaed8\uc11c \uc911\uc0ac\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc168\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c \u2018\ubc95\u2019\uc774\ub780 \uc774\ub984\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u2018\ub73b\u2019\uc774\ub780 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc790\uba74 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc774 \ubb34\uc0c1(\u7121\u5e38)\uc758 \uc815\uc758(\u5b9a\u7fa9)\uc778\uac00? \ucc30\ub098\uc131(\u524e\u90a3\u6027)\uc774 \ubb34\uc0c1\uc758 \uc815\uc758\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7fc \ucc30\ub098\uc131\uc774 \ubb34\uc5c7\uc778\uac00? \ubc14\ub85c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc0c1\uc740 \uba85\uc5b8(\u540d\u8a00)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 02:07 \ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574(\u5927\u4e58\u4fe1\u89e3)\uc640 \ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd(\u5927\u4e58\u51fa\u751f)\uc758 \ub73b “\uc0ac\uac00\ud569\uc8fc”\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\ubb38\uc758 “\ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574”\ub97c \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc(\u610f\u6a02\u5713\u6eff)\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uc11d\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc65c \ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574\uac00 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc778\uac00\uc694? \ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574\ub780 \ub300\uc2b9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubbff\uc74c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadc0\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uacf5\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uadc0\uc758\uc640 \ube44\uacf5\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uadc0\uc758\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uacf5\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uadc0\uc758\ub294 \uc545\ucde8(\u60e1\u8da3)\uc758 \uace0\ud1b5\uc744 \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\uace0 \uc0bc\ubcf4\uac00 \uad6c\ud574\uc904 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uae4a\uc740 \ubbff\uc74c \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\uc2b9\uc758 \ube44\uacf5\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uadc0\uc758\ub294 \uc18c\uc9c0\uc7a5(\u6240\u77e5\u969c)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ub450\ub824\uc6c0 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uadc0\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc0bc\ubcf4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae4a\uc740 \ubbff\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub97c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc97\uc5b4\ub098\ub3c4\ub85d \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30\uc5d0. \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0bc\ubcf4\ub97c \ubc18\uc5f0\ud558\uace0 \uc695\uad6c(\u6b32\u6c42)\ud558\ub294 \ubbff\uc74c. \uc77c\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c \uadc0\uc591(\u6b78\u4ef0)\ud558\ub294 \ubbff\uc74c. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacf5\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uadc0\uc758\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uadf8\uc800 \uc545\ucde8\uc758 \uace0\ud1b5\uc744 \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud558\uc5ec \uadc0\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\uc2b9\uc758 \uadc0\uc758\uc57c\ub9d0\ub85c \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadc0\uc758\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uc77c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740 \ubbff\uc74c\uc774\uae30\uc5d0. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc774\uacf3\uc5d0\uc11c “\ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574”\uac00 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 03:14 \uadf8\ub7fc “\ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd”\uc740 \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc(\u52a0\u884c\u5713\u6eff)\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub300\ube44\uc2ec, \ubcf4\ub9ac\uc2ec\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc774 \uc721\ub3c4\ub9cc\ud589(\u516d\u5ea6\u842c\u884c)\uc744 \ud589\ud558\uc5ec \uc911\uc0dd\uc744 \uc720\uc775\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uad81\ubb34\uc9c4\ud55c \uc5ec\ubaa8\uc720\uc815(\u5982\u6bcd\u6709\u60c5)\uc774 \ud574\ud0c8\ud558\uace0 \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc131\ubd88\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c “\ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd”\uc744 \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. 03:33 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacf5\ub355\uc740 \ub2e4 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ub73b\uacfc \ubc95\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc11c \uc0dd\uae34\ub2e4 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uacfc \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc. \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc774 \uc218\ub3c4(\u4fee\u9053)\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0 \ubcf4\ub9ac\uc2ec\uc744 \ubc1c\ud558\ub294 \uac83, \uc774\uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub098\uc11c \uc721\ub3c4, \uc0ac\uc12d, \ubcf4\uc0b4\uacc4\ub97c \ubc1b\uc544 \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ubcf4\uc0b4\ud589\uc744 \uc6d0\ub9cc\ud788 \ud558\ub294 \uac83. “\uc5b4\ub290 \uac83\uc774\ub4e0” \uc989 \uc77c\uccb4\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc774 \uc5b4\ub514\uc11c \ub098\uc628 \uac83\uc778\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ubaa8\ub450 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc815\ubc95\uacfc \uadf8 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0ac\uc720\ud55c \uac83\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc628 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 04:04 \uadf8\ub7fc \uc9c8\ubb38\ud558\ub098 \ub354 \ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ub300\uc2b9\uc2e0\ud574, \ub300\uc2b9\ucd9c\uc0dd. \uc989 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uacfc \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ub098\uc628 \uac83\uc778\uac00? \ubc95\uacfc \ub73b\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uac70\ub4ed \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uace0, \ucd94\ub860\ud558\uace0, \uacb0\ud0dd(\u6289\u64c7)\ud558\uc5ec \uc11c\uc11c\ud788 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc744 \ubcc0\ud654\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \ucc98\uc74c\uc5d0 \ub300\uc2b9\ubc95\uc744 \ub4e4\uc744 \ub54c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub294 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ub450\ub824\uc6c0 \uc5c6\ub294 \ud589\ub3d9\uacfc \uace0\ud589\ub4e4\uc744 \ub450\ub824\uc6cc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc774\ub294 \ucc98\uc74c \ub4e3\uc790\ub9c8\uc790 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uae30\ubed0\ud558\uace0 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc9c0\ud5a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5b4\ucc0c\ub418\uc5c8\ub358 \uc6b0\ub9b0 \uc790\uc2e0\uc758 \uae30\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c\ubd80\ud130 \ubcf4\ub9ac\uc2ec\uc758 \uc2b9\ub9ac\ub97c \uad00\uc218(\u89c0\u4fee) \ud55c\ub2e4\ub358\uc9c0 \ud639\uc740 \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \uc0ac\uc2ec\uacfc \ub450\ub824\uc6c0\uc5c6\uc774(\u7121\u754f) \uc911\uc0dd\uc744 \uad6c\uc81c\ud558\ub294 \ud589\uc801\uc5d0 \uac10\ub3d9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uae4a\uc774 \uac10\ub3d9\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba74 \uc790\uc2e0\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud558\uae30\ub97c \uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ubcc0\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub098? \ubc14\ub85c \uc790\uae30 \uc911\uc2ec\uc758 \uc774\ub7f0 \ud0dc\ub3c4\ub97c. 05:04 \uc790\uae30 \uc911\uc2ec\uc740 \uc5b4\ub5a4 \uc0c1\ud669\uc778\uac00? \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc790\uc2e0\uc774 \u300e\ub78c\ub9bc\u300f\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\uae30 \uc804\uacfc \u300e\ub78c\ub9bc\u300f\uc744 \ubc30\uc6b0\uace0 \ub098\uc11c, \ud639\uc740 \ubd09\uc0ac\ub97c \ud560 \ub54c, \ub9ce\uc740 \uc0ac\ub840\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574\uc11c \uc6b0\ub9ac \uc0dd\uba85\uc758 \uaca9\uc774 \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c4 \uac83\uc744 \uad00\ucc30\ud574 \ubcf4\uba74, \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uc790\uae30 \uc911\uc2ec\uc801 \uc0ac\uace0\ub098 \ud589\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ub458\ub7ec\uc313\uc778 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uac00 \uc544\ub2d9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc81c \uc6b0\ub9b0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc911\uc0dd\uc744 \ud640\ub300\ud788 \uc5ec\uae30\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0. \ub2e4\ub978 \uc790\uc758 \uace0\ub77d\uc774 \uc790\uc2e0\uacfc \uc0c1\uad00\uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \ub9c8\uc74c\ubd80\ud130 \uac00\ud589(\u52a0\u884c)\uae4c\uc9c0. \u00a0\ub0a8\uc744 \uc720\uc775\ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud558\ub294 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc774 \uc810\uc810 \ud06c\uac8c \uc790\ub77c\ub098\uace0 \ub113\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub354 \ub178\ub825\ud558\uc5ec \uc6b0\ub9ac\uc758 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc774 \uc774\ub807\uac8c \uc0ac\uc720\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uc548\uc8fc\ud558\uace0 \uac70\ub4ed \uc0ac\uc720\ud558\uace0 \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \ub2f9\uba74\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uc7ac\ucc28 \uc5f0\uc2b5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. 05:49 \uacbd\uacc4\ub97c \ub2f9\uba74\ud558\uc5ec \uc5f0\uc2b5\ud560 \ub54c. \uc6b0\ub9b0 \uc774\ud0c0\uc2ec\uc774 \uc870\uae08 \uc77c\uc5b4\ub098\uaca0\uc9c0\ub9cc \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc88c\uc808\ud558\uace0 \ub098\uba74 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc704\ucd95\ub418\uace0 \ud6c4\ud1f4\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4! \uadf8\ub7ec\uace0 \ub098\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc0dd\uac01\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4, \uc774\ub7ec\uba74 \uc548 \ub3fc\uc9c0 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uc6a9\uae30\ub97c \ub0b4\uc57c \ud574! \ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5b4\uc218\uc120\ud558\uace0 \uc5b4\uc9c0\ub7ec\uc6b4 \uc778\uac04 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc774\ud0c0(\u5229\u4ed6)\uac00 \uc5b4\ucc0c \uc26c\uc6b4 \uc77c\uc774\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\uae4c? \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub610 \uadf8\ub807\uac8c…\uff0c \uc88c\uc808\ud560 \uc218\ub85d \uc6a9\uac10\ud574\uc838\uc57c\uc9c0\uc694! \uc0ac\ubd80\ub2d8\uaed8\uc11c “\uc6b0\ub9b0 \uc0c1\ud328\uc7a5\uad70(\u5e38\u6557\u5c07\u8ecd)\uc774 \ub418\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4!” \ud558\uc168\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \uc6b0\ub9b0 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub098\uc57d\ud55c \ud6c4\ud1f4\uc640 \uac08\ud321\uc9c8\ud321 \ud558\ub294 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc774\uaca8\ub0b4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ud0c0\uc758 \uc774\ub7f0 \ub290\ub08c\uc774 \uc870\uae08 \uc870\uae08\uc529 \ud55c \uac00\ub2e5 \ud55c \uac00\ub2e5\uc529 \uac08\uc218\ub85d \uac15\ub82c\ud574\uc9c0\ub3c4\ub85d, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc9c0\uc18d \ub418\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc740 \ub2e4 \uc9c0(\u6b62)\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uad00(\u89c0)\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub8e8\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4 06:38 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ub73b\uacfc \ubc95\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud558\ub294 \uc758\ubbf8 \ub2e4\uc74c \ucad1\uce74\ubc14\ub300\uc0ac\ub2d8\uaed8\uc11c \uc774 \uacbd\ubb38\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub4a4\ub85c \uacc4\uc18d \ubcf4\uc2dc\uba74 “\ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uc774\ub780 \uc9c0\ud488\uc758 \uc2ec\uc77c\uacbd\uc131(\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027)\uc744 \ub9d0\ud558\uba70, \ub73b\uacfc \ubc95\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01\ud568\uc774\ub780 \uad00\ud488\uc758 \uad00\ucc30\ud61c\ub97c \ub9d0\ud55c\ub2e4.” \u300e\uc218\uc2e0\ub300\uc2b9\uacbd\u300f\uc5d0\uc11c \ub9d0\ud55c “\ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec”\uc774\ub780 \uc0ac\ub9c8\ud0c0\ud488\uc758 \uc2ec\uc77c\uacbd\uc131\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc0ac\ub9c8\ud0c0\uc758 \ud488\ub958(\u54c1\u985e)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. “\uc2ec\uc77c\uacbd\uc131”\uc774\ub780? \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc18c\uc5f0\uc5d0 \ub9c8\uc74c\uc744 \uc804\uc8fc(\u5c08\u6ce8\uc9d1\uc911)\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc804\uc8fc(\u5c08\u6ce8\uc9d1\uc911)\ud558\uc5ec \ubb34\uc5c7\uc744 \ud558\ub294\ub0d0? “\ub73b\uacfc \ubc95\uc744 \ubc14\ub974\uac8c \uc0dd\uac01”\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc815\ubc95\uacfc \uadf8\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc0ac\uc720\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uac83\uc774 \uc704\ube60\uc0ac\ub098\ud488\uc758 \uad00\ucc30\ud61c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uacfc \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450 \ub2e4 \ubb34\uc0b0\ub780\uc2ec\uacfc \uad00\ucc30\ud61c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub098\uc628 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ub9d0\uc740 \ub9cc\uc57d \ub9c8\uc74c\uc744 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc18c\uc5f0\uc5d0 \uc548\uc8fc\uc2dc\ud0a4\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74, \uad00\ucc30\ud61c\uac00 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74. \u00a0\ubcf4\uc0b4\uc758 \uc758\uc694\uc6d0\ub9cc\uacfc \uac00\ud589\uc6d0\ub9cc\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacf5\ub355\uc744 \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. 07:52 \uc9c0\uc218(\u6b62\u4fee)\uc640 \uad00\uc218(\u89c0\u4fee)\ub85c \ub300\uc18c\uc2b9\uc758 \uacf5\ub355\uc744 \uc131\ucde8\ud55c\ub2e4 \ub2e4\uc74c \u00a0“\uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \ub300\uc18c\uc2b9\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacf5\ub355\uc740 \uad00\ucc30\ud61c\ub85c\uc368 \uc0ac\ud0dd(\u601d\u64c7)\ud558\uace0 \uc218\ud589\ud568\uacfc \uc18c\uc5f0(\u6240\u7de3)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2ec\uc77c\uacbd\uc131(\u5fc3\u4e00\u5883\u6027) \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud574\uc57c \ud55c\ub2e4. \uc989 \uc9c0\uc218\ub098 \uad00\uc218 \ud55c \uac00\uc9c0 \ud488\ub9cc\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uc5ec \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub2e4.”\u00a0\uadf8\ub7ec\ubbc0\ub85c \ub300\uc2b9, \uc18c\uc2b9\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacf5\ub355\uc740 \ubaa8\ub450\ub2e4 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\ud0dd\ud558\uc5ec \uc218\uc2b5\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ub610\ud55c \ub9c8\uc74c \ub0b4\uba74(\u5167\u5fc3)\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc18c\uc5f0\uacbd\uc5d0 \uc804\uc8fc(\u5c08\u6ce8: \uc9d1\uc911)\ud558\ub294 \ub450 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\nHallo zusammen! Es ist wieder an der Zeit, sich gemeinsam mit Lamrim Chenmo zu besch\u00e4ftigen! Ich freue mich sehr, mit Ihnen allen das Stille Verweilen und die Besondere Einsicht zu studieren. Heute werden wir dort weitermachen, wo wir aufgeh\u00f6rt haben. Bitte schlagen Sie Lamrim Chenmo auf Seite 336 auf und wir beginnen mit der letzten Zeile. 00:29
\nWorte aus der Heiligen Schrift Sutra \u00fcber die Kultivierung des Glaubens an das Mahayana
\n\u201eMit der gleichen Bedeutung\u201c, Schauen wir uns das einmal gemeinsam an:
\n\u201eMit der gleichen Bedeutung hei\u00dft es im Sutra \u00fcber die Kultivierung des Glaubens an das Mahayana: ,Tugendhafter Mann, dieser besondere Aspekt sollte dich dar\u00fcber informieren, dass der Glaube an das Mahayana (Gro\u00dfes Fahrzeug) der Bodhisattvas – und in der Tat alles, was aus dem Mahayana resultiert \u2013 aus der tiefen Kontemplation \u00fcber die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen mit einem unabgelenkten Geist resultiert\u2018\u201c.
\nWas sagt uns dieser Absatz? Die Sutra \u00fcber die Kultivierung des Glaubens an das Mahayana sagt hier: Tugendhafter Mann, dieser besondere Aspekt sollte uns sagen \u2013 ein \u201ebesonderer Aspekt\u201c bedeutet hier einen Blickwinkel oder eine Art der Auseinandersetzung. Das hei\u00dft, wir sollten durch diese bestimmte Perspektive etwas verstehen. Aber was sollen wir verstehen? Es ist, dass der Glaube eines Bodhisattvas an das Mahayana und alle Dinge, die durch das Mahayana resultieren, alle dadurch entstehen, dass man mit einem unabgelenkten Geist genau \u00fcber die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen kontempliert. 01:33
\nWas bedeuten also \u201edie Lehren\u201c und \u201eBedeutungen\u201c hier? Meister Tsongkhapa hat sie im Abschnitt \u00fcber Personen mit mittleren F\u00e4higkeiten erkl\u00e4rt. Hier bezieht sich \u201eLehre\u201c auf die Bennenung der Lehren und \u201eBedeutung\u201c auf ihren Sinn. Zum Beispiel k\u00f6nnen wir fragen: Was ist die Definition oder die Bedeutung von \u201eUnbest\u00e4ndigkeit\u201c? Es ist \u201edas, was verg\u00e4nglich ist\u201c. In diesem Fall ist also \u201edas, was verg\u00e4nglich ist\u201c die Bedeutung und \u201eUnbest\u00e4ndigkeit\u201c der Begriff. 02:07
\nDie Bedeutung des Glaubens an das Mahayana und was aus dem Mahayana resultiert
\nIm Werk Vier verflochtenen Anmerkungen wird gesagt, dass \u201eGlaube an das Mahayana\u201c die \u201evollkommene Einstellung\u201c bedeutet. Warum bedeutet \u201eGlaube an das Mahayana\u201c die \u201evollkommene Einstellung\u201c? Glaube an das Mahayana bedeutet, wirklich an das Mahayana zu glauben. Die Praxis der Zufluchtnahme kann in die allgemeine Praxis und die spezielle Praxis, die nur im Mahayana existiert, unterteilt werden. Die allgemeine Praxis ist motiviert durch die Furcht vor dem Leiden in den k\u00fcnftigen elenden Bereichen und die tiefe \u00dcberzeugung, dass die Drei Juwelen uns besch\u00fctzen k\u00f6nnen, w\u00e4hrend die f\u00fcr das Mahayana einzigartige Praxis durch die Furcht vor Verdunklungen der Wissensobjekte motiviert ist. Und so ist eine tiefe \u00dcberzeugung, dass die Drei Juwelen uns vor allen \u00c4ngsten sch\u00fctzen k\u00f6nnen, dieser ernsthafte Glaube, der die Drei Juwelen in tiefer Sehnsucht und Verehrung h\u00e4lt, genau die \u201evollkommene Einstellung\u201c hier. Da die allgemeine Praxis, Zuflucht zu nehmen, nur durch die Angst vor dem Leiden in den zuk\u00fcnftigen elenden Bereichen motiviert ist, ist sie nicht vollkommen. Nur die Mahayana-Zuflucht wird als vollst\u00e4ndig und vollkommen angesehen. Bei der Zufluchtnahme ist der wichtigste Faktor der Glaube, daher wird hier der \u201eGlaube an das Mahayana\u201c als die vollkommene Einstellung erkl\u00e4rt. 03:14
\nDann wird das, was \u201eaus dem Mahayana resultiert\u201c, als \u201evollkommene Handlung\u201c erkl\u00e4rt. Angetrieben von gro\u00dfem Mitgef\u00fchl und dem Erleuchtungsgeist f\u00fchren Bodhisattvas die sechs Vollkommenheiten und zahllose Taten aus, um allen Lebewesen, die wie unsere M\u00fctter sind, zu helfen, Befreiung und sogar Buddhaschaft zu erlangen. So wird das, was \u201eaus dem Mahayana resultiert\u201c, als \u201evollkommene Handlung\u201c bezeichnet. 03:33
\nDie Tugenden Bodhisattvas entstehen aus der Reflexion \u00fcber die Lehren und Ihre Bedeutungen mit einem unabgelenkten Geist
\nWas die vollkommene Einstellung und Handlung eines Bodhisattvas betrifft, so erzeugt man zu Beginn des Pfades den Erleuchtungsgeist – das macht die \u201evollkommene Einstellung\u201c aus – und dann die sechs Vollkommenheiten, vier Tugenden, die Bodhisattva-Gel\u00fcbde und die Vollendung aller Taten des Bodhisattvas – \u201ealles\u201c, was all diese Dinge bedeutet. Woher kommen sie alle? Sie kommen alle daher, dass man die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen mit einem unabgelenkten Geist genau reflektiert. 04:04
\nLassen Sie mich also noch einmal fragen: Der Glaube an das Mahayana und das, was aus dem Mahayana resultiert – vollkommene Einstellung und Handlung – wie kommen sie zustande? Es geschieht durch Reflexion \u00fcber die Lehren und Bedeutungen – wiederholte Selbstbeobachtung, Nachdenken und Ausw\u00e4hlen -, indem wir die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen nutzen, um allm\u00e4hlich unseren inneren Geist zu transformieren. Wenn wir zum Beispiel zum ersten Mal die Mahayana-Lehren h\u00f6ren, f\u00fcrchten sich einige von uns vor all den furchtlosen Unternehmungen und den harten Entbehrungen des Bodhisattva-Pfades, aber es gibt auch einige, die sich sehr gl\u00fccklich und inspiriert f\u00fchlen und darauf brennen, diesen Pfad selbst einzuschlagen. In jedem Fall m\u00fcssen wir alle von dort, wo wir sind, voranschreiten. Das kann bedeuten, dass wir \u00fcber die Vorteile des Erleuchtungsgeistes nachdenken oder unser Herz ber\u00fchren lassen, durch die selbstlosen Taten des Bodhisattvas und seine Hilfe bei Anderen. Wenn wir uns tief ber\u00fchrt f\u00fchlen, werden wir uns selbst ver\u00e4ndern wollen. Was w\u00fcrden wir \u00e4ndern wollen? Das ist die gewohnheitsm\u00e4\u00dfige egozentrische Haltung. 05:04
\nWie sieht die Egozentrik aus? Zum Beispiel k\u00f6nnen wir erkennen, wie sich die Bereiche unseres Lebens ver\u00e4ndern, seit wir uns mit Lamrim Chenmo besch\u00e4ftigen oder wenn wir mit anderen Praktizierenden ehrenamtlich t\u00e4tig sind – durch die vielen Dinge, die in unserem Leben geschehen. Unsere Gedanken und Aktivit\u00e4ten drehen sich nicht mehr nur um uns selbst. Wir sind nicht l\u00e4nger gleichg\u00fcltig gegen\u00fcber dem Leben anderer oder haben das Gef\u00fchl, dass die Freuden und Schmerzen anderer Menschen wenig mit uns zu tun haben. So w\u00e4chst von unserem Geist bis zu unseren Handlungen dieses wahre Gef\u00fchl, anderen helfen zu wollen, immer weiter. Wir bem\u00fchen uns auch, unseren Geist auf diese Gedanken und Betrachtungen zu fixieren. Immer wieder denken wir \u00fcber sie nach und wenden sie in unserem Leben an. 05:49
\nWenn wir sie auf uns selbst anwenden, k\u00f6nnen wir den Wunsch entwickeln, anderen zu helfen, aber wenn wir auf Herausforderungen und R\u00fcckschl\u00e4ge sto\u00dfen, k\u00f6nnte es sein, dass wir uns zur\u00fcckziehen und es nicht mehr weiter versuchen wollen. Aber dann w\u00fcrden wir denken: \u201eDas ist nicht richtig!\u201c Wir sollten unseren Mut wiederfinden, um weiterzumachen. Doch bei all den Hindernissen auf dem Weg ist es alles andere als einfach, anderen zu helfen. So ist es immer. Aber je mehr R\u00fcckschl\u00e4ge es gibt, desto st\u00e4rker sollten wir werden! Unser Meister Jih-Chang sagte: \u201eWir m\u00fcssen trotz vieler Niederlagen als Gener\u00e4le bestehen!\u201c Wir m\u00fcssen also die Gedanken besiegen, die uns sagen, dass wir weglaufen oder z\u00f6gern sollen, und stattdessen diese winzigen Andeutungen von Altruismus in uns f\u00f6rdern, damit sie immer st\u00e4rker werden und schlie\u00dflich fest und best\u00e4ndig. Denn all diese Dinge k\u00f6nnen nur durch das \u00dcben des Stillen Verweilens und der Besonderen Einsicht erreicht werden. 06:38
\nWas es bedeutet, mit einem unabgelenkten Geist zu reflektieren
\nAls n\u00e4chstes erkl\u00e4rt Meister Tsongkhapa die Worte des Sutras. Schauen wir uns das weiter an. Es hei\u00dft dort:
\n\u201eEin unabgelenkter Geist ist der punktf\u00f6rmige ausgerichtete Geist von Shamatha (Stilles Verweilen), w\u00e4hrend sich die tiefe Kontemplation \u00fcber die Lehren und Bedeutungen auf Vipassana (Besondere Einsicht) bezieht. Es hei\u00dft auch wunderbare Weisheit durch Unterscheiden\u201c.
\nIm Sutra der Kultivierung des Glaubens an das Mahayana bedeutet \u201eunabgelenkter Geist\u201c den punktf\u00f6rmigen ausgerichteten Geist – er f\u00e4llt in die Kategorie der Shamatha. Was bedeutet der \u201epunktf\u00f6rmige ausgerichtete Geist\u201c? Es bedeutet stetige geistige Konzentration auf ein Objekt. In diesem Fall, worauf konzentriert sie sich? Auf die Kontemplation \u00fcber die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen, und das bedeutet, dass man genau \u00fcber die Lehren und ihre Bedeutungen nachdenkt. Das ist die unterscheidende Weisheit, der Aspekt der Vipassana. F\u00fcr einen Bodhisattva kommt also alles, von der perfekten Einstellung bis hin zur Handlung, aus dem unabgelenkten geistigen Fokus sowie aus der unterscheidenden Weisheit. Das bedeutet, wenn der Geist nicht auf ein geeignetes Objekt fokussiert ist oder ihm die Weisheit zur Unterscheidung fehlt, hat man keine M\u00f6glichkeit, die guten Qualit\u00e4ten der perfekten Einstellung und Handlung eines Bodhisattvas zu erreichen. 07:52
\nAlle Tugenden kommen durch stabilisierende und analytische Meditation
\nDanach hei\u00dft es:
\n\u201eDu musst also alle tugendhaften Qualit\u00e4ten der beiden Fahrzeuge sowohl durch \u00dcbung in der betrachtenden und unterscheidenden Weisheit als auch durch punktf\u00f6rmige Konzentration des Geistes auf das Meditationsobjekt erreichen. Man erreicht sie nicht durch einseitige Praxis des Stillen Verweilens oder der Besonderen Einsicht\u201c.
\nDaher m\u00fcssen alle Tugenden der Mahayana (Gro\u00dfes Fahrzeug) und Hinayana (Kleines Fahrzeug) sowohl durch Betrachten und Erforschung der Lehren und Bedeutungen, als auch durch geistige Konzentration auf ein Objekt erreicht werden. Beachten Sie hier! Beides ist erforderlich. Nur \u00dcbung in Stillem Verweilen oder in Besonderer Einsicht allein kann dies nicht erreichen. Beachten Sie dies gut! K\u00f6nnen wir mit nur der Praxis des Stillen Verweilens oder der Besonderen Einsicht allein die tugendhaften Qualit\u00e4ten des Mahayana oder Hinayana (Kleinen Fahrzeugs) erreichen? K\u00f6nnen wir das? Meister Tsongkhapa sagt: \u201eMan erreicht sie nicht durch einseitige Praxis des Stillen Verweilens oder der Besonderen Einsicht\u201c. Er sagt, mit der Praxis des Stillen Verweilens oder der der Besonderen Einsicht allein k\u00f6nnen wir die tugendhaften Qualit\u00e4ten beider Fahrzeuge nicht erlangen. Ganz zu schweigen von den unergr\u00fcndlichen tugendhaften Qualit\u00e4ten des Mahayana, das gilt sogar f\u00fcr jemanden, der nur nach seiner eigenen Befreiung vom Daseinskreislauf strebt. Ohne sowohl die geistige Konzentration auf ein Meditationsobjekt als auch die Weisheit durch Betrachten und Nachdenken \u00fcber die Lehren und Bedeutungen zu kultivieren, kann man keine Freiheit von Tod und Wiedergeburt finden. 09:15 00:00
\nBonjour \u00e0 tous, il est temps d\u2019\u00e9tudier \u00e0 nouveau ensemble \u00ab le Grand Trait\u00e9 \u00bb, je suis contente d\u2019\u00e9tudier la S\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 et la Perspicacit\u00e9 avec vous tous. Aujourd\u2019hui nous continuerons l\u00e0 o\u00f9 nous nous sommes arr\u00eat\u00e9s. Veuillez ouvrir \u00e0 la page 336 et \u00e0 la derni\u00e8re ligne, regardons le texte: 00:29
\nLes mots du texte sacr\u00e9
\n\u00ab Avec la m\u00eame intention, dans le Soutra de Cultiver la Foi en Mahayana \u00bb Lisez avec moi! \u00ab Avec la m\u00eame intention, dans \u00ab le Soutra de Cultiver la Foi en Mahayana \u00bb il est dit : \u00ab Enfant de bonne lign\u00e9e, cet aspect particulier devrait vous informer que la Foi dans le Mahayana des Bodhisattvas, et en effet, Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana \u2014 tout vient d’une r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9cise sur les enseignements et leurs significations avec un esprit non distrait. \u00bb Que dit ce paragraphe? Selon son contenu dans le Soutra de Cultiver la Foi en Mahayana, il est dit : \u00ab Enfant de bonne lign\u00e9e, cet aspect particulier devrait\u2026 \u00bb, cet \u00ab aspect particulier \u00bb signifie un angle ou une mani\u00e8re de discussion. \u00c7a signifie que nous devons comprendre quelque chose \u00e0 travers cette perspective. Que devons-nous comprendre? C’est que la Foi en Mahayana et Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana proviennent de la pr\u00e9venance des enseignements et de leurs significations avec un esprit non distrait. 01:33
\nAlors, que signifient ici \u00ab les enseignements \u00bb et \u00ab les significations \u00bb? Ma\u00eetre Tsong-kha-pa les a expliqu\u00e9s dans la section sur les personnes de la Capacit\u00e9 Moyenne. Ici, \u00ab les enseignements \u00bb se r\u00e9f\u00e8re aux mots des enseignements et \u00ab les significations \u00bb se r\u00e9f\u00e8re \u00e0 leurs significations. Par exemple, quelle est la d\u00e9finition de \u00ab l\u2019impermanent \u00bb? C\u2019est \u00ab ce qui est momentan\u00e9. \u00bb Que signifie \u00ab ce qui est momentan\u00e9 \u00bb? C\u2019est le sens, Et \u00ab l\u2019impermanent \u00bb est le terme. 02:07
\nLa signification de la Foi en Mahayana et Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana
\nDans \u00ab the Four Interwoven Annotations \u00bb, \u00ab la Foi en Mahayana \u00bb dans le soutra signifie l\u2019attitude parfaite. Pourquoi la Foi en Mahayana signifie-t-elle l\u2019attitude parfaite? La Foi en Mahayana est la vraie croyance dans le Mahayana. La pratique du Refuge peut \u00eatre divis\u00e9e en pratique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et en pratique sp\u00e9ciale propre au Mahayana. La pratique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale est motiv\u00e9e par la peur de la souffrance dans le royaume mis\u00e9rable et sa conviction profonde que les Trois Tr\u00e9sors peuvent nous sauver, alors que la pratique sp\u00e9ciale est motiv\u00e9e par la peur de l\u2019Obscurcissement Cognitif. Par cons\u00e9quent, la conviction profonde pour les Trois Tr\u00e9sor peuvent nous sauver et nous lib\u00e9rer de toutes les peurs. Cette Foi sinc\u00e8re qui tient les Trois Tr\u00e9sors. Dans une profonde aspiration et v\u00e9n\u00e9ration est l\u2019attitude parfaite. Puisque, la pratique g\u00e9n\u00e9rale du Refuge n\u2019est motiv\u00e9e que par la peur de la souffrance dans le royaume mis\u00e9rable. Elle n\u2019est pas parfait, tandis que le Refuge du Mahayana est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme parfait. Pour le Refuge, le plus important ici, c\u2019est la Foi. \u00ab La Foi en Mahayana \u00bb est expliqu\u00e9e ici comme l’attitude parfaite. 03:14
\nEnsuite, \u00ab Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana \u00bb est expliqu\u00e9 comme l\u2019application parfaite, gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la Grande Compassion et \u00e0 la Bodhicitta, les Bodhisattvas se lanc\u00e8rent donc dans les Six Perfections et dans d\u2019innombrables bonnes actions afin d\u2019aider tous les \u00eatres vivants, qui sont comme nos m\u00e8res, Pour atteindre la lib\u00e9ration et m\u00eame \u00e0 la Bouddh\u00e9it\u00e9. \u00ab Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana \u00bb signifie l\u2019application parfaite. 03:33
\nTout ce qui na\u00eet de la r\u00e9flexion avec un esprit non distrait
\nEn ce qui concerne l’attitude et l’application parfaite. D\u2019un Bodhisattva sur le chemin de l\u2019accomplissement spirituel. On g\u00e9n\u00e8re d\u2019abord le Bodhicitta, c\u2019est l’attitude parfaite. Il pratique les Six Perfections, les Quatre Attraits et les V\u0153ux de Bodhisattva, mais encore l\u2019accomplissement de toutes les bonnes actions de Bodhisattva, \u00ab Tout \u00bb signifie toutes ces choses. D’o\u00f9 viennent-elles toutes? EIles viennent d\u2019une r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9cise sur les enseignements et leurs significations avec un esprit non distrait. 04:04
\nPermettez-moi de demander \u00e0 nouveau : la Foi en Mahayana et Tout ce qui r\u00e9sulte du Mahayana, c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire l\u2019attitude et l\u2019application parfaite, d’o\u00f9 viennent-elles? C\u2019est par l\u2019observation r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e, l’analyse et la r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9cise – en utilisant les enseignements et leurs significations. Pour transformer progressivement notre c\u0153ur. Par exemple, au d\u00e9but de l’enseignement du Mahayana, certains d\u2019entre vous qui l\u2019ont entendu pour la premi\u00e8re fois auraient peur de l\u2019intr\u00e9pidit\u00e9 de Bodhisattva, et de ces aust\u00e9rit\u00e9s. Mais certains seraient tr\u00e8s heureux et inspir\u00e9s de suivre ce chemin. Dans tous les cas, nous devons nous avancer \u00e0 partir de l\u00e0 o\u00f9 nous sommes, \u00e7a peut \u00eatre par la pratiquer et r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir aux b\u00e9n\u00e9fices du Bodhicitta ou apprendre les actions d\u00e9sint\u00e9ress\u00e9es de Bodhisattva pour aider les autres et toucher notre c\u0153ur. Quand nous sommes profond\u00e9ment touch\u00e9s, nous voudrons changer. Que changeons-nous? C\u2019est notre attitude \u00e9gocentrique. 05:04
\nQu’est-ce que c\u2019est l’\u00e9gocentrisme? Nous pouvons r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir et comparer : par exemple, apr\u00e8s l\u2019apprentissage du Grand Trait\u00e9, ou en faisant du b\u00e9n\u00e9volat, \u00e0 travers de nombreuses choses qui se sont produisent dans notre vie, nous avons remarqu\u00e9 le changement dans les port\u00e9es de nos vies. Nos pens\u00e9es et nos activit\u00e9s ne ournent plus autour de nous seuls. Nous ne sommes plus indiff\u00e9rents aux autres \u00eatres et ne pensons plus que les peines et joies des autres qui ne nous concernent pas. De notre c\u0153ur \u00e0 nos bonnes actions, un sentiment que nous voulons aider les autres grandira petit \u00e0 petit, ensuite, nous ferons des efforts pour fixer notre esprit sur ces pens\u00e9es et ces contemplations, encore et encore, nous y r\u00e9fl\u00e9chirons et l\u2019appliquerons dans notre vie. 05:49
\nEn les appliquant \u00e0 nous-m\u00eames, nous d\u00e9velopperons un d\u00e9sir d\u2019aider les autres, Cependant, d\u00e8s que nous essuyons un \u00e9chec, nous nous enroulons et ne voulons plus essayer. Nous pensons : \u00ab ce n\u2019est pas correct, nous devons reprendre courage pour. \u00bb Pourtant, avec les difficult\u00e9s dans les relations humaines, aider les autres est tout sauf facile. C\u2019est comme \u00e7a. C\u2019est que l\u2019\u00e9chec nous rend plus fort! Le Ma\u00eetre a dit : \u00ab Nous devons \u00eatre comme un g\u00e9n\u00e9ral malgr\u00e9 de nombreuses d\u00e9faite. \u00bb Nous devons donc surmonter ces pens\u00e9es de faiblesse qui traversent \u00e0 plusieurs reprises notre esprit. Il faut que la pens\u00e9e de l\u2019altruisme devienne de plus en plus forte dans notre c\u0153ur, qu\u2019elle dure m\u00eame plus longtemps. Tous ces choses sont possibles seulement par la pratique de la S\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 et de la Perspicacit\u00e9. 06:38
\nQue signifie \u00ab la r\u00e9flexion avec un esprit de non distrait \u00bb
\nEnsuite, Ma\u00eetre Tsong-kha-pa explique ce paragraphe dans le soutra, nous pouvons continuer \u00e0 lire pour voir. Il est dit : \u00ab un esprit non distrait est la concentration sur un point, l’aspect de la S\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 ; la r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9cise sur les enseignements et leurs significations fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la sagesse du discernement, l\u2019aspect de la Perspicacit\u00e9. \u00bb Dans \u00ab Cultiver la Foi en Mahayana \u00bb, l\u2019expression \u00ab un esprit non distrait \u00bb signifie la concentration sur un point, qui est l’aspect de la S\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9. Que signifie \u00ab la concentration sur un point \u00bb? \u00c7a signifie la concentration mentale constante sur un objet. Sur quoi nous concentrons-nous? C\u2019est \u00ab la r\u00e9flexion pr\u00e9cise sur les enseignements et leurs significations. \u00bb C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire \u00e0 r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment sur les enseignements et leurs significations. C\u2019est donc la sagesse du discernement, \u00e9galement l\u2019aspect de la Perspicacit\u00e9. Toutes les attitudes et les applications parfaites de Bodhisattva viennent de l\u2019esprit non distrait, de la sagesse du discernement. \u00c7a signifie que si l’esprit n’est pas concentr\u00e9 sur un objet et qu\u2019il n\u2019y a pas de sagesse du discernement, il est impossible d\u2019atteindre l\u2019attitude et l\u2019application parfaite de Bodhisattva y compris ses m\u00e9rites et ses vertus. 07:52
\nToutes les vertus qui r\u00e9sultent de la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation et analytique
\nEnsuite, il est dit : \u00ab Vous devez donc atteindre toutes les m\u00e9rites et les vertus des Deux V\u00e9hicules, les deux sont n\u00e9cessaires : l\u2019analyse avec la sagesse du discernement, ainsi que la concentration sur un point de l\u2019objet. Vous ne les atteignez pas par la pratique unilat\u00e9rale de la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation ou de la m\u00e9ditation analytique. \u00bb Par cons\u00e9quent, tous les m\u00e9rites et les vertus du Mahayana et du Hinayana doivent \u00eatre pratiqu\u00e9s avec les deux : l\u2019analyse avec la sagesse du discernement et la concentration sur un objet. Attention! Les deux sont obligatoires. La pratique unilat\u00e9rale, soit par la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation, soit par la m\u00e9ditation analytique, ne vous permet pas de les atteindre. Attention \u00e0 nouveau! Seulement avec la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation ou la m\u00e9ditation analytique, pouvons-nous atteindre les m\u00e9rites et les vertus du Mahayana et du Hinayana? Pouvons-nous? Ma\u00eetre Tsong-kha-pa dit : \u00ab Vous ne les atteignez pas par la pratique unilat\u00e9rale de la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation ou de la m\u00e9ditation analytique. \u00bb C\u2019est-\u00e0-dire que par la pratique de la m\u00e9ditation de stabilisation ou analytique seule, il est impossible d\u2019atteindre les m\u00e9rites et les vertus des Deux V\u00e9hicules. Et c’est sans parler des m\u00e9rites et des vertus insondables du Mahayana, Cela est vrai m\u00eame pour les disciples du Hinayana qui d\u00e9sirent leur propre lib\u00e9ration de l’existence cyclique. Sans pratiquer \u00e0 la fois la concentration sur un objet vertueux et la sagesse du discernement, nous ne pouvons pas nous lib\u00e9rer de la naissance et de la mort! 09:15 00:00
\nXin cha\u0300o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi! La\u0323i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi gian chu\u0301ng ta cu\u0300ng nhau ho\u0323c v\u00ea\u0300 Qua\u0309ng Lu\u1ea1\u0302n r\u1ed3i! R\u00e2\u0301t vui khi gi\u01a1\u0300 na\u0300y chu\u0301ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cu\u0300ng nhau ho\u0323c v\u00ea\u0300 ch\u1ec9 qu\u00e1n, h\u00f4m nay ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc nh\u00e9! M\u1eddi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edf quy\u1ec3n 3 Qua\u0309ng Lu\u1ea1\u0302n l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn trang 33 \u0111o\u1ea1n 2, sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng xem nguy\u00ean v\u0103n: 00:29
\nTr\u00edch d\u1eabn Tu T\u00edn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh
\n\u201c\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y\u201d, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng xem v\u1edbi t\u00f4i! \u201c\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, Tu T\u00edn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u00fd n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cThi\u1ec7n nam t\u1eed, t\u1eeb d\u1ecb m\u00f4n (nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n kh\u00e1c nhau), n\u00f3i Ch\u01b0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u201ct\u1eadn k\u1ef3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u201d (ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e2m s\u00e2u) v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, n\u00ean bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh ra\u201d. \u0110o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u00fd n\u00f3i g\u00ec? D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0y, trong Tu T\u00edn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cThi\u1ec7n nam t\u1eed, th\u00f4ng qua d\u1ecb m\u00f4n\u201d – \u201cd\u1ecb m\u00f4n\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c, th\u00f4ng qua g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u, hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u201ct\u1eadn k\u1ef3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u201d v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy, ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u00e0 sinh ra. 01:33
\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec th\u1ebf? Ng\u00e0i T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 khi \u1edf trung s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, \u201cph\u00e1p\u201d trong \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 t\u00ean, \u201c\u00fd\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 l\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5, th\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u00e1t na l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1eady b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a s\u00e1t na l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m, m\u00e0 v\u00f4 th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi. 02:07
\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh
\nTrong quy\u1ec3n T\u1ee9 Gia H\u1ee3p Ch\u00fa, d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kinh v\u0103n trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. T\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n nh\u1ec9? \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba. Khi quy y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chia ra \u201cc\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng quy y\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cb\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng quy y \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba\u201d. C\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng quy y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f5i \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o, ch\u00fang ta tin t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc Tam B\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 quy y; c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t c\u1ed9ng quy y \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1edf chi ch\u01b0\u1edbng (t\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn) m\u00e0 quy y. Cho n\u00ean tin t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc Tam B\u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang ta tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 sinh t\u00e2m mong c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e2m s\u00e2u v\u00e0o Tam B\u1ea3o, m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng quy y v\u00e0 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng quy y, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f5i \u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 quy y, v\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, m\u00e0 quy y \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba m\u1edbi l\u00e0 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. C\u00e1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a quy y \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00f2ng tin, n\u00ean trong \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba t\u00edn gi\u1ea3i\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. 03:14
\nV\u1eady \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh\u201d gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh (th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u) vi\u00ean m\u00e3n, do v\u00ec th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb bi, t\u00e2m b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, n\u00ean B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t s\u1ebd tu l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1ea1n h\u1ea1nh v\u00ec l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1c cho ch\u00fang sinh nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh ai ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3 v\u1ecb Ph\u1eadt. N\u00ean \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n. 03:33
\nC\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1p, v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 sinh ra
\n\u00dd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t – B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tu \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1eeb l\u00fac m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi t\u00e2m b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, l\u00e0 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n; sau \u0111\u00f3 tu ph\u00e1p l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9, t\u1ee9 nhi\u1ebfp ph\u00e1p, th\u1ecd B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t gi\u1edbi, sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 vi\u00ean m\u00e3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t h\u1ea1nh, \u201ct\u1eadn k\u1ef3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e2m s\u00e2u, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u ra v\u1eady? \u0110\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 sinh ra. 04:04
\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nh\u00e9! B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 do \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n? B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Th\u00f4ng qua ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n quan s\u00e1t \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p, t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eafn \u0111o, ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khi v\u1eeba nghe \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh tr\u00ec v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t. Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ed5 h\u1ea1nh \u1ea5y, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba nghe \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u00edch th\u00fa, nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y. B\u1ea5t lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tu qu\u00e1n s\u1ef1 th\u00f9 th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m b\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec1, ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i, rung \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 t\u00edch d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00fang sinh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t. Sau khi ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb rung \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, thay \u0111\u1ed5i g\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m. 05:04
\nL\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 so s\u00e1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp Qua\u0309ng Lu\u1ea1\u0302n v\u00e0 sau khi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp Qua\u0309ng Lu\u1ea1\u0302n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 ng\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m, kh\u00f4ng xem th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang sinh h\u1eefu t\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u1ed5 vui c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00ecnh. Cho n\u00ean t\u1eeb n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb khu\u1ebfch \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, li\u00ean t\u1ee5c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0 duy, lu\u00f4n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp khi g\u1eb7p c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi. 05:49
\nGi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp khi \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1edbi, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i tha, nh\u01b0ng khi g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, t\u00e2m n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb r\u00fat l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tho\u00e1i lui! Sau \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129 \u0111i ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i: Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i d\u0169ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i, v\u1eady n\u00f3i l\u1ee3i tha c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng? Sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e0ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u00ec c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n! S\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n!\u201d n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 h\u00e8n nh\u00e1t c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m m\u00e3i tho\u00e1i lui. C\u1ea3m th\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n l\u1ee3i tha c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1nh l\u00ean t\u1eebng ch\u00fat m\u1ed9t, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u do tu t\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. 06:38
\n\u00dd ngh\u0129a n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u01b0 duy ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p
\nTi\u1ebfp theo Ng\u00e0i T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 t\u1eebng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng nhau xem. Kinh n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m Xa-ma-tha, t\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t; ch\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m T\u1ef3-b\u00e1t-x\u00e1-na, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a di\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n.\u201d Tu T\u00edn \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba Kinh \u0111o\u1ea1n kinh v\u0103n n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n\u201d, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea9m Xa-ma-tha, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Xa-ma-tha. \u201cT\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1edf duy\u00ean. Sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec? \u201cCh\u00e1nh t\u01b0 duy ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1p\u201d, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 T\u1ef3-b\u00e1t-x\u00e1-na tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 di\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n. Cho n\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 t\u1eeb t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 di\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 sinh ra. \u00dd n\u00f3i l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e2m chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh s\u1edf duy\u00ean, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 quan s\u00e1t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u00fd l\u1ea1c vi\u00ean m\u00e3n v\u00e0 gia h\u00e0nh vi\u00ean m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 t\u00e1t. 07:52
\nTu ch\u1ec9, tu qu\u00e1n th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba
\nSau \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c, n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1u do tu t\u1eadp tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 di\u1ec7u qu\u00e1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 ra, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e2m v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1ee7 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u1ea5y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb tu ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c tu qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Do v\u1eady c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c do s\u1ef1 tu t\u1eadp, quan s\u00e1t, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m m\u00ecnh chuy\u00ean ch\u00fa v\u00e0o s\u1edf duy\u00ean, hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fa \u00fd! \u0110\u1ee7 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. V\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb tu t\u1eadp ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00fa \u00fd! Ch\u00fa \u00fd! N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n tu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n th\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? Ng\u00e0i T\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ea1i s\u01b0 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb ch\u1ec9 tu ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 tu ch\u1ec9 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 tu qu\u00e1n, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba. Th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 t\u01b0 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1eeba, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu Ti\u1ec3u th\u1eeba mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi sinh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. 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